Essential oil
Citrus aurant.bergamia

I've included this oil on my list of must-haves mainly because I've never found anyone that didn't like it, AND because it has some attributes that are unmatched in any other oils.  As you see, it's a citrus, and has a lovely, fresh aroma and a nice, light green color.

If you're prone to bladder or urinary tract infections, you'll definitely want to have bergamot in your collection.  (Along with chamomile, sandalwood and tea tree.)  It can be added to your bath and used as a wash for vaginal itching, diluted appropriately, and if used correctly, can actually prevent an infection from spreading up the urinal tract.

this unique oil is refreshing and 'uplifting', but not stimulating ... think about that difference and you'll see how effective this oil would be for someone suffering from stress, anxiety or depression.  Because of its clean, citrus aroma, it blends well as a balancing oil to deeper or more floral notes. 

Bergamot has antiseptic properties which make it an important component in acne or problem skin preparations.

Bergamot inhibits certain viruses, particularly the Herpes simplex 1 virus which causes cold sores.  If you're prone to cold sores, you can dab a mixture of bergamot and eucalyptus in a little alcohol at the first sign of an eruption.  Also helpful with the pain of shingles and chicken pox.

Use diluted in the bath to avoid photosentisization of the skin -- any oil used undiluted in the bath will leave a fine film on top of the water and will naturally be left on the skin.  Citrus oils increase the skin's reaction to sunlight and make it more likely to burn.  

    Don't confuse this oil with the herb bergamot or bee balm.         

    Obtained by cold expression.  

    Bergamot is a Top note only. 

    It's one of the ingredients in Earl Grey tea. 

Some aromatherapists choose to use Bergamot FCF- furocoumarin free , which removes the problem of Phototoxicity, BUT some Aromatherapists (yours truly included) refuse to use any altered oil, on the ground that if it has been altered,  it is not a true Essential Oil.

Main uses: depression, anxiety, stress, flatulence, colds, flu, cold sores, chicken pox, shingles, acne, oily skin, psoriasis, scabies, eczema, insect repellent, boils ... uplifting, helps relieve insomnia, refreshes.

Main actions: analgesic, anti-infectious, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antidepressant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cicatrizant, diuretic, deodorant, expectorant, febrifuge, insecticide, stimulant, tonic, sedative.

CLOVE

Eugenia caryophyllata th.

Frankincense (Olibanum)

Boswellia carterii

To obtain the Frankincense, a deep, longitudinal incision is made in the trunk of the tree and below it a narrow strip of bark 5 inches in length is peeled off. When the milk-like juice which exudes has hardened by exposure to the air, the incision is deepened. In about three months the resin has attained the required degree of consistency, hardening into yellowish 'tears.' The large, clear globules are scraped off into baskets and the inferior quality that has run down the tree is collected separately. The season for gathering lasts from May till the middle of September, when the first shower of rain puts a close to the gathering for that year.

The coast of Southern Arabia is visited yearly by parties of Somalis who pay the Arabs for the privilege of collecting Frankincense, and in the interior of the country, about the plain of Dhofar, during the southwest Monsoon, Frankincense and other gums are gathered by the Bedouins. (The incense of Dhofar is alluded to by the Portuguese poet, Camoens.)
 

Its principal use now is in the manufacture of incense and pastilles. It is also used in plasters and might be substituted for Balsam of Peru or Balsam or Tolu. The inhalation of steam laden with the volatile portion of the drug is said to relieve bronchitis and laryngitis.

The ceremonial incense of the Jews was compounded of four 'sweet scents,' of which pure Frankincense was one, pounded together in equal proportion. It is frequently mentioned in the Pentateuch. Pure Frankincense formed part of the meet offering and was also presented with the shew-bread every Sabbath day. With other spices, it was stored in a great chamber of the House of God at Jerusalem.

According to Herodotus, Frankincense to the amount of 1,000 talents weight was offered every year, during the feast of Bel, on the great altar of his temple in Babylon. The religious use of incense was as common in ancient Persia as in Babylon and Assyria. Herodotus states that the Arabs brought every year to Darius as tribute 1,000 talents of Frankincense, and the modern Parsis of Western India still preserve the ritual of incense.

Frankincense, though the most common, never became the only kind of incense offered to the gods among the Greeks. According to Pliny, it was not sacrificially employed in Trojan times. Among the Romans, the use of Frankincense (alluded to as mascula thura by Virgil in the Eclogues) was not confined to religious ceremonials. It was also used on state occasions, and in domestic life.

The kohl, or black powder with which the Egyptian women paint their eyelids, is made of charred Frankincense, or other odoriferous resin mixed with Frankincense. Frankincense is also melted to make a depilatory, and it is made into a paste with other ingredients to perfume the hands. A similar practice is described by Herodotus as having been practiced by the women of Scythia and is alluded to in Judith x. 3 and 4. In cold weather, the Egyptians warm their rooms with a brazier whereon incense is burnt, Frankincense, Benzoin and Aloe wood being chiefly used for the purpose.

The word 'incense,' meaning originally the aroma given off with the smoke of any odoriferous substance when burnt, has been gradually restricted almost exclusively to Frankincense, which has always been obtainable in Europe in greater quantity than any other of the aromatics imported from the East.

There is no fixed formula for the incense now used in the Christian churches of Europe, but it is recommended that Frankincense should enter as largely as possible into its composition. In Rome, Olibanum alone is employed: in the Russian church, Benzoin is chiefly employed.
 

GRAPEFRUIT

(citrus paradisi)

The most important use of grapefruit is as an antidepressant; it's non-sedating; has an uplifting, bright aroma.

Properties:  antidepressant, antiseptic, diuretic, stimulant and tonic

Urinary system:  promotes kidney function by helping to eliminate water, therefore useful for obesity and water retention.  Also has a cleansing effect on the kidneys, helping to eliminate toxins from the body.

Emotion:  grapefruit has a balancing effect on the emotions.  It's uplifting, brightening up dark, depressive moods and boosting confidence.  It helps with procrastination, frustration and bitterness.  May even help to stabilize manic depression.

Digestive system:  acts as a tonic to the stomach and liver and promotes digestive secretions.

Like other citrus oils, grapefruit is expressed from the fruit rind.  Similarly, grapefruit shares with lemon and other citrus oils astringent and antiseptic properties, as well as stomachic and hepatic attributes that aid digestion.  Grapefruit's distinguished reputation as a weight-loss agent originates from its solvent effect on fat and its diuretic relief of water retention. 

Grapefruit is both a gallstone solvent and a liver tonic; it is also a lymphatic stimulant and regulator.  Its extract components and vitamin C content make grapefruit useful as an antimicrobial preservative. 

Grapefruit is a pleasant diffuser oil, having delightfully cool, refreshing, and uplifting antidepressant effects. 

It's good for oily skin and acne, has a tonic effect on the skin and scalp. 

Grapefruit provides pleasant temporary relief of the symptoms of bronchial cough, colds and flu; use as a VAPOURISATION, in a STEAM INHALATION or make a MASSAGE 0IL BLEND and rub into the chest, throat and back.
 

BLENDS TO TRY

LAVENDIN, GROSSO or Super

Top note.
Good for inflammation.
Lavandin Grosso contains terpineol-4 and linalyl acetate which make it a good antiseptic and stimulating oil (it is not sedating like lavender).

Useful in treating skin conditions such as acne and sluggish skin, for scabies and other infectious skin diseases.

Coughs, colds, sinus infections, respiratory stimulant, eases breathing.
Sore muscles, rheumatic pains, stiff joints, muscular contracture, cramps.
Circulatory stimulant, cardiac tonic (eases palpitations), phlebitis, solar plexus spasms.
Refreshes tired mind, aids nervousness, fear, anxiety.

USES:
Good addition to cold and flu remedies with its proven germ killing ability, as well as its ability to stimulate the respiratory system and ease breathing.

Grosso is high in linalol for infections.

A blend of Lavandin Grosso and Spike Lavender is recommended for respiratory disorders, either by inhalation, or massage.

Urinary tract antiseptic.

* Lavandin is often used by commercial producers to adulterate lavender.

Veterinary:
Antiseptic, vulnerary, dermatosis, scabies.
 

LAVENDER

Lavender angustifolia, officianalis, vera, True, Bulgarian,
Flowers… steam distilled
(There are many sub-species, varieties and cultivars)

Note: Lavender Vera is referred to and called wild lavender but the species are one and the same as L officinalis or angustifolia.

(Lavender advertised as "40/42" refers to a combination of natural lavender oils and synthetic chemicals to produce one with a standard production - mostly used in soaping and perfume.)
[Contact me for more info on other varieties, but these four (Stoechas, Bulgarian, Spike & Lavendin are the main lavenders produced for general use and serve all needs and purposes, further expansion is unnecessary.)]

This is the all-round, general purpose lavender used for relaxing and is also called "First Aid in a bottle". See full description below. This was our grandmother's lavender scent and the first choice to sustain every household.

Like all true Lavender oils, our Bulgarian Lavender is sedating, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and antiviral. Lavender functions as an adaptogen, aiding in restoring the body to balance. Can be used neat on the skin, for children, dogs and during pregnancy.

Favorite uses: Skin emergencies, burns, headaches, insomnia, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, depression, room freshening.

* * * * * * * * *

Lavender is, I think, THE most important essential oil we have available to us, and NO first aid kit should be without it.  Certainly no aromatherapy kit should be without it.  It is the FIRST essential oil I suggest you buy for yourself.

Lavender oil has a soothing and calming effect on the nerves, relieving tension, depression, panic, hysteria and nervous exhaustion in general. It is effective for headaches, migraines and insomnia and beneficial for problems such as bronchitis, asthma, colds, laryngitis, halitosis, throat infections and whooping cough.

 Lavender relieves pain when used for rheumatism, arthritis, lumbago and muscular aches and pains, especially those associated with sport. It tones the skin and is useful for all types of skin problems: abscesses, acne, oily skin, boils, burns, sunburn, wounds, psoriasis, lice, insect bites, stings and as an insect repellent.

Lavender is one of the few essential oils that can be used neat on the skin, and this is especially useful when treating a minor burn wound. I've had personal experience using lavender to treat burns, cuts and bites and can testify to its amazing healing ability, but this should only be in case of emergency.  At all other times, dilute with a carrier oil before using on skin.

In the diffuser, Lavender is helpful for allergies, anorexia, dizziness, sleeplessness (also in children), hayfever, headaches, depression, trauma, anxiety, hysteria, fear, nightmares, irritability, nervous tension and as an insect repellant.

Lavender oil can be diluted in a massage oil or used in the bath for abdominal pains, allergies, anorexia, arthritis, bowel disorders, fatigue, hay fever, headaches, insomnia, moodiness, trauma, anxiety, depression, hysteria, nightmares, fear, irritability, nervous tension, stress and for relaxing.

HEALTH AND USES

The analgesic, antiseptic and antibiotic properties of lavender make it a valuable treatment for colds, coughs, catarrh and sinusitis as well as influenza.  The most effective treatment for these conditions is steam inhalation. Put a few drops in a bowl of hot water with a towel draped over your head, breathe in the vapors. This soothes, decongests and attacks bacteria. Do this before bed for a sounder sleep.

Lavender is a must in all first aid kits, used in many emergencies big and small. Suitable for a wide range of infections.  For deeper cuts and wounds, flush the area with a blend of water and lavender to clean, or use lavender hydrosol.   New skin growth is promoted by lavender.  Sterilize your first aid utensils such as tweezers, scissors and needles with a bit of lavender before using.

SKIN CARE

Lavender keeps skin in healthy balance, helps in the reproduction of cells, constantly stimulating and rebuilding healthy new ones. It helps balance the secretion of sebum from the skin. Lavender is antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. All this, along with its delightful, delicate scent makes it a wonderful additive to creams, lotions and tonics.

PETS

Animals respond well both physically and emotionally to lavender. Rub a few drops of lavender in a carrier oil  vigorously between palms, creating a hot friction, then stroke upwards from paw to body, then from head to tail. Long continuous strokes relax and calm after exertion or upset. This will also promote a healthy and shiny coat and repel fleas. Rub into bare scarred areas to promote the regrowth of fur. Use as a disinfectant on wounds.

LAVENDER, SPIKE

Lavendula spica … atifolia France … flowers … steam distilled

Spike Lavender (the more medicinal of the lavenders) is high in Cineole and Camphor, which makes it a powerful germ killer and an effective addition to the first aid kit for antiseptic use, respiratory blends, and for general aches and pains. Often recommended as a component in an insect repellant blend, and is useful for hair and skin care.

SPIKE is highly antibacterial with antiviral, cytophylactic, decongestant, and expectorant properties - useful in blends for upper respiratory conditions when used in a diffuser. Diffuse it briefly morning and evening when those around you are coughing and sneezing, and wear it in your Aromajewelry.
Stimulating in large doses, rather than sedative, not useful as a relaxant.
Top note.

USES:
Skin, Hair, Nails:
Burns, dry acne, acne, fungal infections, athletes foot, insect stings, bites, scar tissue formation, ringworm, wound healing, scars, ulcers.
Muscular/Skeletal:
Rheumatic pain (with rosemary cineole, ravensara), muscle pain, paralysis, rheumatoid arthritis.

Other uses:
Flu, viral infections, well suited for children.
Eases teething pain (diluted), jaw massage; colic.
Use with clary sage to regulate and ease cramps.
Aids headache pain, (neuritis with peppermint), cerebro-spinal tranquilizer, balancing.

Veterinary: rheumatism, hoof problems, cuts, bruises, scabies, eczema.
Dogs: arthritis, trauma.

Nearly colorless, with a fresh, floral-herbaceous clear scent and a slight woody undertone. Spike lavender can be mixed in a water or spray bottle and used on the skin as a natural astringent.

Avoid in pregnancy.

LAVENDER, STOECHAS

LAVENDULA STOECHAS -- **excellent germ killing ability**

This is the lavender to select when treating a cut or wound, or any skin problem.
When you desire calming and sedating properties, choose lavendula angustifolia

Properties:
Anti-asthmatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, digestive and expectorant.  It is used internally to alleviate nausea.  Externally, the essential oil is used as an antiseptic wash for wounds, ulcers, sores, etc.

It is the LAVENDER you want to have in your First Aid Kit.

Uses:

Safety:

LEMON MYRTLE

 Backhousia citriodora
 

Origin:  Australia

A powerful antiseptic, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal agent.  Recent studies have shown this to be an amazingly potent form of natural citral.

Lemon scented myrtle is also supremely germicidal.  It has shown to be effective against colds, coughs, sinus and chest infections and lung congestion. 

Can be diffused for a delightful room freshener or used in aromatherapy massage blends.  It can be used as an addition to sanitizing and freshening laundry when added as a clothes rinse.  Because it has a lovely clean lemon fragrance, it's perfect for uplifting the spirit and soothing emotions. 

Dilute properly in a carrier oil or cream base for use on the skin.  Lemon myrtle is extremely strong and potent in its undiluted form due to its high citral content.

For skin care, lemon myrtle is recommended for oily skin and acne.

I love to use it for cleaning, much prefer it over tea tree!

-----------

Technical data on Backhousia citriodora:

How can B. citriodora help our immune systems?

Since it contains the highest amount of citral of any known plant, it exhibits anti-viral properties. Out of 49 Australian essential oils, B. citriodora and B. angustifolia had the highest titres against staphyloccus aureus, salmonella typhi and mycobacteria phlei. (N.B. Of the Eucalyptus species, all gave poor results and only 2 out of 7 Melaleuca species gave fair to good results.)

The phenol coefficient of B. citriodora is 16 (i.e. 16 times more effective than phenol, considerably higher than Melaleuca and Eucalyptus but not as high as thymol), which makes it an excellent germicide.

Since it is 25% more effective on a broad range of microorganisms than Melaleuca, any conditions helped by Melaleuca will be even further benefited by the application of B. citriodora.

Family: Myrtaceae
Common Names: Lemon-scented myrtle, Sweet verbena tree; Lemon ironwood.
Origin: Rainforests of south east Queensland.
Description: A pale yellow or yellow mobile liquid of intensely fresh lemon-like odor with a pleasant sweet-green undertone. Its odor is much cleaner and fresher than Lemongrass EO and there are no grassy-fatty notes. Even the amylacetate-like fruitiness of Lemongrass is absent in B. citriodora.

Indications: Common cold, influenza, bronchitis, indigestion and other irritable gastrointestinal disorders, herpes simplex - apply topically over area or on reflex points of feet.

Applications: As an acne cream it would be vastly more effective than other products on the market. As B. citriodora has 25% more activity against a range of microorganisms than melaleuca (phenol coefficient of 16 versus 12) it would do well in preparations such as shampoos, toothpaste, hand soaps, antiseptic lozenges, deodorizers, dental applications, throat gargles, mosquito/insect repellants, cleaning formulations, veterinary products (flea repellant) and perfumes. The dried herb of B. citriodora makes an excellent tea and gargle. Even singers and rock stars gargle with B. citriodora as a herbal infusion to help with raw throats. Many people are reporting improvements using B. citriodora topically on psoriasis, rashes, folliculitis, neuro-dermatitis, itching, tinea, candidiasis and headaches. Some have found it deterred the most persistent cases of ants in the house with just a few countertop applications where essential oil of Peppermint, Cinnamon, Lemongrass failed.

In tests against fungus, citral is very active, more so than camphor, and, as with all essential oils, direct their action to the microorganisms' cell membrane. Their activity is broad spectrum thus reducing the possibility of microorganisms developing a resistance.

In fact, whatever conditions are helped by Lemongrass or Melissa oils (e.g. depression) will receive even more benefit from B. citriodora simply by virtue of the fact that it contains more citral.

Modes of Application: Use topically (dilute with carrier oil), add small amounts to beverages and drinks as flavoring, wipe on counters, add to cleaning agents, shampoos.

**Avoid prolonged inhalation via diffusion. Do not add to bath, douches or enemas!

Because it has the world's highest concentration of citral, without question, this is a very important oil for the aromatherapy and herbal industries along with personal hygiene products, food and beverages (both hard and soft). Already, the Japanese are very interested in adding B. citriodora to their tea for flavor enhancement. Its taste is very smooth, clean, lemon-like and pleasant.

 *Some herbal practitioners like to add B. citriodora to teas and extract/tincture compounds to vastly improve the flavor and also to provide anti-microbial and possible immunostimulating benefits, so helpful during winter months.

As our world becomes more and more toxic with its corresponding negative effect on our first line of defense: the immune system, this potently anti-microbial essential oil deserves a place among some of the most therapeutic oils the world has to offer.

Pengelly A., Australian Medicinal Plant, Aust. J. Med. Herbalism, Vol 3 (3) 1991

Schnaubelt K., Potential Application of Essential Oil in Viral Disease, Int. J. Aromatherapy, 1988/89, 1/2:33
Schnaubelt K., Friendly Molecules, Int. J. Aromatherapy 1989, 2:20
Tisserand R., The Essential Oil Safety Data Manual, Sussex - Tisserand Aromatherapy Institute, 1988

PINE

(Pinus sylvestris)

Distilled from the needles and imported from France. It has a strong, coniferous, woody aroma.

Pine is a middle note. 

Blends well with: cedarwood, lemon, marjoram, rosemary, tea-tree, eucalyptus, lavender and juniper berry.

POSSIBLE USES:

Circulatory, muscles and joints: for poor circulation.  

Relieves muscle aches and pains, combats stiffness in the joints, used for arthritis, gout, rheumatism.

Emotions/mind:  for fatigue, nervous exhaustion and stress-related conditions, neuralgia.  To transform regrets, self-blame, feelings of inadequacy.

Genito-urinary: cystitis, fights urinary infection.

Respiratory and immune system:  used for asthma, bronchitis, catarrh, coughs, colds, flu, laryngitis, sinusitis, sore throat.

Skin/hair: cuts and sores, scabies, lice, excessive perspiration.

Actions:  Antimicrobial, antineuralgic, antirheumatic, antiscorbutic, antiseptic (pulmonary, urinary, hepatic), antiviral, bactericidal, balsamic, cholagogue, choleretic, deodorant, diuretic, expectorant, hypertensive, insecticidal, restorative, rubefacient, stimulant (adrenal cortex, circulatory, nervous), vermifuge.

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RAVENSARA

Ravensara aromatica

Ravensara is one of my favorite antiviral oils.

From Australia and Madagascar
 

Ravensara has a slightly medicinal, eucalyptus-like, slightly sweet with a touch of fruit scent. It is a top note in perfumery. Blends well with Helichrysum, Orange, Mandarin, and Lavender.

Possible uses:

Emotions/mind: clarifying, purifying, stimulating.

Muscles/joints: rheumatism, arthritis, soothing agent, muscle relaxant, muscle fatigue, menstrual discomfort, aches and pains, healing cuts, wounds, burns and scrapes.

Respiratory and immune system: used for clearing the sinus and breathing passages, anti-infectious, anti-viral, loosening tight muscles, rhinopharyngitis, flu, sinusitis, bronchitis, viral hepatitis, cholera, herpes, infectious mononucleosis, it's an expectorant.  Helpful for chronic fatigue.   It has a regulating effect while energizing the immune system and balancing the circulating immunoglobulins.

ROSE

Rosa damascena

Steam distillation or absolute.

Base note.

Rose is sensual, uplifting and used in skin care to help keep it looking young.

Chemical Components: Terpene Alcohols and parafins .

This oil is used for all skin types because it is so balancing, but in particular, this oil is used for mature and dry skin. It is used for acne, wrinkles, broken capillaries, eczema, depression, migraines, nervous tension, stabilizing the central Nervous system, balances hormones and regulates the menstrual cycle and therefore has been mistakenly referred to as an emmenegogue and not to be used during pregnancy, which is a myth. (Although, being rather conservative, I still caution the use of ANY Essential Oil during the first trimester, especially if there has been a history of miscarriage.) It is also used for frigidity, hangovers, nausea, an immune stimulant and asthma.

Rose, like the heavier oils, gets better and not worse with age. You can keep Rose forever.  Unlike your citrus Oils which have a very short shelf life (9 months to a year usually), Rose improves with shelf life.    Note though, that it may start to solidify after some time, this is okay.  One of the main chemical constituents of rose oil is paraffin, so it can get a waxy layer at the top, just warm it in the palm of your hand for a while.

Rose essential oil is VERY expensive, but fortunately you need very little compared to most other oils.  Usually only one or two drops is sufficient in a formula.  You can also use rose EO in a 10% dilution with jojoba oil which is very effective.

Another excellent alternative is Rose Hydrosol (or hydrolat).

Hydrosols are the waters that are left after the steam distillation of plant material. Every plant that is steam distilled has a hydrosol, and now they are becoming better known and used more often. These waters contain minute amounts of the essential oils that they were distilled from, and they are being used more and more as a therapy themselves.  In some instances the essential oils are too potent to use (facial toner, cats, infants), and that's a good time to use the gentle hydrosol.

ROSE GERANIUM

Plant Part: Herb

Extraction Method: Steam distillation

Origin: France

Description: Rose geranium is a hairy perennial shrub, often used in hedgerows, and will stand up to about one meter high (3 feet) with pointed leaves, serrated at the edges and pinkish-white flowers. The leaves and stalks are used for extraction, and the oil is obtained through steam distillation.
Color: Pale yellow green
Common Uses: Rose Geranium oil can be used to help in the treatment of the following: acne, bruises, burns, cuts, dermatitis, eczema, hemorrhoids, lice, mosquito repellant, ringworm, ulcers, breast engorgement, edema, poor circulation, sore throat, tonsillitis, PMS, menopausal problems, stress and neuralgia. It's reputation as an extremely versatile essential oil is well documented.

Consistency: Thin

Note: Middle

Strength of Aroma: Strong

Blends well with: Rose Geranium Blends well with Angelica, Basil, Bergamot, Carrot seed, Cedarwood, Citronella, Clary Sage, Grapefruit, Jasmine, Lavender, Lime, Neroli, Orange and Rosemary.
Aromatic Scent: As the name implies, many of the chemical constituents are similar to that of Rose essential oil. While it should not be mistaken as an alternative to Rose, it does have some of the Rose floral notes in a base that is both sweet and herbaceous.

History: The plants originated from South Africa as well as Reunion, Madagascar, Egypt and Morocco. They were introduced to European countries such as Italy, Spain and France in the 17th century. In early times geraniums were planted around the house to help keep evil sprits at bay.
Cautions: Non-toxic, non-irritant and generally non-sensitizing, though it can cause sensitivity in some people and due to the fact that it balances the hormonal system, it should be avoided during pregnancy.
 

ROSEMARY

Rosmarinus officinalis

Uses and Actions:

Anti-catarrh, antispasmodic, anti-infectious, bactericide, cicatrizant, fungicide, chologugue, econgestant, digestive, emmenagoge, expectorant, sudorific, tonic.

There are THREE types of Rosemary:

            Cineole Type Rosemary is the mildest Rosemary, and can even be used by young children and pregnant women after the first trimester. (Note: I don’t recommend ANY use of Essential Oil during the first trimester of pregnancy with the exception of peppermint and ginger, and then only sniffing a drop on a cloth tissue).

             Each of these Types of Rosemary have their own area of specialty.

 Rosemary Camphor is used for tired muscles, rheumatism, cramps, sciatica, arthritis, colds, flu, all respiratory infections such as bronchitis, sinusitis, catarrh, stomach upsets such as constipation, bile production, flatulence, edema, nervous exhaustion, headaches, migraine, lethargy, and is a memory aid.

Major Chemical components: Ketones, Terpene Ketone.

Rosemary Verbenone is a MUST for skin care. It is reputed to be excellent for skin regeneration, acne, dermatitis, dry skin, broken veins, dry or oily hair, dandruff, seborrhea, bronchitis, catarrh, sinusitis, asthma.

Major Chemical Component: Ketones, Verbenone.

Rosemary Cineole is the one to diffuse when suffering from sinusitis, catarrh, bronchitis, colds, flu, stress, nervous exhaustion, constipation.

Major Chemical Component: Cineole

Myth Busting: Most aromatherapy books warn against using rosemary if you have High Blood Pressure or Epilepsy.  

According to Martin Watt (the AT safety authority), there has been NO evidence to support that warning. There is actually no evidence that it does raise BP.  Anecdotal evidence has shown rosemary to be the oil of choice of epileptics to head off an attack and during the recovery period after an attack.

So next time you read that warning, remember, it’s a well publicized MYTH.

SANDALWOOD

(Santalum album)

Steam Distilled

Base note:  The base note of this oil lingers for a long time.  In India, temples built of sandalwood centuries ago still emit the odor of this wood.

Sandalwood is an aid to meditation, spiritual growth, and is balancing.  Treats depression, nervous tension, stress, neuralgia, sciatica, bladder infections, hormonal issues, nausea, strep, staph infections, UTI, stimulates the immune system.

Wonderful for skin care, acne, both oily and dry skin, cracked and chapped skin, aging skin.

Actions include antidepressant, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, bactericidal, carminative, cicatrizant, decongestant, emollient, expectorant, fungicidal, insecticidal, sedative.

Once the oil has been distilled, it is matured for six months to achieve the right maturity and perfume.  It develops from a very pale yellow to a brownish yellow.  It is extremely thick and viscous with a heavy, sweet, woody and fruity aroma which is pungently balsamic.

Sandalwood oil can be adulterated with diverse oils such as castor, palm and linseed.  Although experts can spot this, many people are deceived in this way.  When buying Sandalwood, make sure that it is not Australian or West Indian -- oils from these sources have little therapeutic value.  Vietnam and New Caledonia have well controlled plantations of genuine Sandalwood.  The best quality oil comes from the Indian province of Mysore where the Sandalwood trees are protected by the state government.

Blends well with cedarwood, benzoin, neroli, orange, patchouli, vanilla, rose.

A very smooth, deep, aromatic scent.

SPEARMINT

Mentha spicata

Calming.  It is refreshing, cooling, gently vitalizing.

Helpful to blemished skin.

Often I prefer spearmint over peppermint, particularly in a children's blend.  It's milder and sweeter than peppermint. 

Spearmint increases alertness, opens up the respiratory system, and lifts the spirit.  Like lavender, however, it can also be used sparingly at bedtime to bring about a sense of calm and relaxation.

Energizing to the mind and body. 

Use in bath water for its refreshing effect.  

Common Method of Extraction: Steam Distilled

Color: Clear

Consistency: Thin

Perfumery Note: Top

Strength of Initial Aroma: Medium

Aromatic Description: Minty, slightly fruity aroma that is less bright than peppermint.

Traditional use:  Insect repellent, emollient, astringent, soothing agent, muscle relaxant

Blends well with bergamot, orange, jasmine, lavender, sandalwood.

Possible Uses: Asthma, exhaustion, fever, flatulence, headache, nausea, scabies, vertigo.

Safety Information: Use ½ recommended dilution or less.  Mucous membrane irritant.

Plant Part: Dried root

Extraction Method: Steam

Origin: Nepal

Description: Spikenard is a soft, aromatic herb with a strongly pungent rhizome root. It is native to the mountainous regions of Northern India, as well as China and Japan.

Color: Golden Yellow

Common Uses: Spikenard is used by aromatherapists for rashes, wrinkles, cuts, insomnia, migraines, and wounds.

Consistency: Medium

Note: Base

Strength of Aroma: Medium-Strong Blend well with: Spikenard blends well with Lavender, Patchouli, Pine, Vetiver, and spice oils.

Aromatic Scent: Spikenard essential oil has an earthy, harsh wood like smell that is slightly musty.

History: Spikenard was one of the early aromatics used by the ancient Egyptians and is mentioned in the Bible in Song of Solomon, and in the Book of John where Mary used it to anoint the feet of Jesus. It has also been used historically by wealthy Roman women in perfumes and beauty preparations.

Cautions:
Spikenard should be avoided during pregnancy.
 

TEA TREE

(Melaleuca Alternifolia)

ORIGIN:  Australia

DISTILLATION METHOD:  Steam distillation of leaves

MEDICINAL PROPERTIES:  Antibacterial, antiseptic, anti-fungal, anti-biotic, anti-infectious, immune stimulant, antiviral, parasiticide, cicatrizant*, vulnerary*, expectorant

ACTIONS:  Tea Tree is one of the most remarkable essential oils.  Anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anti-puritic, anti-viral, ANTI-INFECTIOUS, bactericidal (large spectrum-gram +, staph, gram-, coli, proteus, Klebs, entero & more), anti-parisitic, anti-fungal, decongestant, expectorant, immune stimulant, insecticide, and more.

USES:  Use for cuts, burns, scrapes, any type of skin abrasions; acne, abscess, athlete's foot, herpes, dandruff, oily skin, rashes, warts, diabetic gangrene, impetigo, ringworm, pediculosis, wounds, protects skin from burns during radiation treatments, after treatment with rose & lavender; emphysema, tonsillitis, ear, nose & throat infection; cold sores, cankers, and infections.  Helps stop the spread of colds and infectious illnesses.  Lice, fleas, and parasites.  Thrush, cystitis, vaginitis.  Asthma, bronchitis, coughs, sinusitis.  Blisters, warts, bug bites.  Stimulates circulation, aids hemorrhoids, varicosities, aneurysms, stimulates lymphatic circulation.  Often referred to as an all-purpose germicide and first-aid kit in a bottle.

Tea tree oil was originally a folk remedy developed by the Australian Aborigines for treatment of insect bits, burns, and cuts; now used in soaps, deodorants, toothpaste, shampoos, cleaning products, colognes and toiletries.

COMPATIBLE EOs:  Excellent as a preventive with rosewood, thyme, linalool, ravensara; before surgery with niaouli; for treating wounds with lavender; added to mineral water for protection against infection.

EFFECT:  Stimulant

NOTE:  Top.

BIOCHEMICAL CLASS:  Monoterpene; oxides: 1.4 cineole, 1.8 cineole (>18%).

SAFETY:  A very safe oil.  Non toxic, non irritating, may cause slight sensitivity in some individuals in improperly used.  One of only two essential oils that may be used neat (undiluted) on the skin, the other is lavender.  As with any pure essential oil, consult with your friendly aromatherapist for proper use if you're unsure.J  PLEASE NOTE:  Recent laboratory tests indicate that Tea Tree Essential Oil is more effective as an antibacterial agent in weak dilutions (less than 2%) than it is neat.  In my experience, Tea Tree EO used neat can be harsh on sensitive skin, and since it is more effective in a weak dilution, this would be the method of choice, especially for acne and other skin disorders.

USE FOR PETS:  Excellent for treating pets with two exceptions:  (1) NEVER use ANY EOs on cats** except by diffusion; rather, use hydrosols which are mild, yet still contain some of the properties and benefits of the EO; (2) DO NOT use tea tree EO on puppies or toy breeds, any small dog under about 8 pounds.

SIMONE'S OPINION:  Tea Tree is a truly amazing essential oil.  Between lavender and tea tree its tough choosing which one I wouldn't want to live without ... BUT ... I consider tea tree to be an absolutely ESSENTIAL part of my first aid kit and I have a bottle in each room of the house:  in the laundry room for sanitizing the dog towels in the washer; in the kitchen for adding to the dishwashing liquid; in the bathroom for adding to the toilet bowl; in the nightstand drawer to add to the diffuser at any time it's needed; even in the car!J

RECIPES:

Cold & Flu Blend

8 drops eucalyptus globulus EO
4 drops tea tree EO
3 drops lavender or lavendin EO
30 ml carrier oil (Fr Coconut, Grapeseed, Sweet Almond, etc.)

Add the EO blend to the carrier oil(s) in an amber glass bottle, cap securely and label.
Store away from heat and light

This is a 2% dilution blend.

Apply to the neck, chest, back, wrists and soles of the feet.
Use 6-8 drops in a bath after the tub has filled
You may also use the essential oil blend without the carrier oil inhaled or on a tissue, in a diffuser, or in steam inhalation

(Only use essential oils in diffusers, never use carrier oils)

Germ Free Carpet Spray

2 ml lemon EO
2 ml grapefruit EO
1 ml tea tree EO

add EO blend to a small amount of vodka or alcohol; add to 16 oz dist water in a spray bottle.  Vacuum and then spray onto the carpet.  This is great to keep a clean floor for the babies and children!

(1 ml = approx. 20 drops)

Sore Gums and Plaque

Mix three to five drops of tea tree EO in a cup of water and use as a mouthwash twice daily.  Do not swallow it  The mouthwash can also help toothache, bad breath, gingivitis, and canker sores.  Australian dental patients are often advised to apply tea tree oil to infected teeth a few days before dental work to prevent postoperative infections.

Cuts and Abrasions

Wash the wound with tea tree hydrosol or Flutterbye Hemp & Tea Tree Soap, then apply a few drops of pure tea tree EO or tea tree EO diluted in a carrier oil as mentioned earlier.  If you pull off a hangnail, you can avoid the usually inevitable localized infection by immediately daubing the site with a few drops of tea tree oil.

TEA TREE ESSENTIAL OIL on sale!
Reg:  10ml/$7.00  ~  Sale Price:  10ml/$5.50

__________________________________________________
* wound healing
** the cat's liver is unable to filter essential oils, and the skin is paper thin, making them potentially toxic if used in direct application

THYME

(Thymus vulgaris )
for its disinfectant properties

Thyme is distilled from the leaves and flowering tops and is imported from Spain.  It has a sweet, intense herb-medicinal odor.

Thyme was used by ancient Greeks to disinfect air and inhibit infectious diseases.

Some traditional uses: to heal colds, bronchitis, for relieving muscle aches and pains, to aid concentration and memory, for reliving fatigue and said to heal anthrax

Blends with: bergamot, lemon, rosemary, lavender and sweet marjoram

AVOID USE IF PREGNANT OR WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE